![]() ![]() after a crash, any transaction which was active at the time of the crash can be rolled back Mirroring Restoring a mirror image effectively restores the entire system to its state at the time of backup Full backup When the entire system is backed up Incremental backup A type of backup that only copies files that have changed since the previous backup. It also manages the sequence and events that are part of a transaction Rollback Returns the database to a consistent state e.g. Transaction monitor A software that allows the TPS application programs to run efficiently. Durability Step 4 of ACID test: used to show that once a transaction is completed, a permanent record is kept, such as a receipt. The record needs to be consistent when we go back to check Isolation Step 3 of ACID test: refers to transactions must not be interfered or influenced by other transactions that are currently executing. If one step fails, the whole test fails so all steps must be completed successfully Consistency Step 2 of ACID test: Ensures that the transaction takes data from one consistent state and then when the transaction completes the data is left in a consistent state. Magnetic strip reader a hardware device that reads the information encoded in the magnetic stripe Atomicity Step 1 of ACID test: makes sure each step of the ACID test is completed successfully. bar-code scanner an electronic device that can read and output printed bar-codes to a computer. ![]() Optical character recognition (OCR) is the recognition of printed or written text characters by a computer. Magnetic ink character recognition code (MICR Code) a character-recognition technology used mainly by the banking industry to ease the processing and clearance of cheques and other documents. Typically used for order entry, financial transactions, customer relationship management (CRM) and retail sales. ![]() Heuristics The use of commonsense rules drawn from experience to solve problems Online transaction processing Software that supports transaction-oriented applications on the Internet. Decision model A numerical representation of a realistic situation Online analytical processing Software that performs analysis of data and provides the capability for complex calculations, trend analysis, and sophisticated data modeling. ![]()
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